Topology and Its Applications

A concise and factual abstract is required. The abstract should state briefly the purpose of theresearch, the principal results and major conclusions. An abstract is often presented separately fromthe article, so it must be able to stand alone. For this reason, References should be avoided, but ifessential, then cite the author(s) and year(s). Also, non-standard or uncommon abbreviations shouldbe avoided, but if essential they must be defined at their first mention in the abstract itself. HighlightsHighlights are a short collection of bullet points that convey the core findings of the article. Highlightsare optional and should be submitted in a separate editable file in the online submission system.Please use 'Highlights' in the file name and include 3 to 5 bullet points (maximum 85 characters,including spaces, per bullet point). You can view example Highlights on our information site. KeywordsImmediately after the abstract, provide between 2-15 keywords, using American spelling and avoidinggeneral and plural terms and multiple concepts (avoid, for example, 'and', 'of'). Be sparing withabbreviations: only abbreviations firmly established in the field may be eligible. These keywords willbe used for indexing purposes. Classification CodesPlease provide classification codes as per the standard AMS codes. A full list and information for thesecan be found at http://www.ams.org/msc/. AbbreviationsDefine abbreviations that are not standard in this field in a footnote to be placed on the first pageof the article. Such abbreviations that are unavoidable in the abstract must be defined at their firstmention there, as well as in the footnote. Ensure consistency of abbreviations throughout the article.